Comm 10 - MODULE 1

1. What is positioning? How does it clarify the relational character of identity? Identity construction involves a dynamic between the self and the other, which then produces social representations. These representations provide “various possible identities” or positions that individuals may take to “help them structure their social world and orient themselves within this world” (Andreouli, 2010). Individuals and groups construct social identities that reflect their efforts to situate or position themselves within their society. Positioning is literally placing and shaping yourself in relation to others. 2. How does positioning explain how marginalized groups negotiate and assert their collective identities in asymmetric social relations where they experience discrimination and prejudice? Positioning is an on-going discursive process. Therefore, it is not fixed or stable and can be reshaped or reconfigured. This can explain how marginalized groups see themselves and assert th

1. How is identity a social process? Identity itself is an interactional accomplishment. It is a social process because our own view of ourselves, our identity, is produced, molded, and continually negotiated by the interactions we have with others and our social performances. It is also how we orient ourselves with the people around us, the environment, through communication and the many constraints of social norms. 2. How is identity constructed through communication? What are the processes in identity construction in and through communication? The identity is constructed through communication through assertion, definition, and mutual communication with others. It is through this negotiation process that people will be able to attain mutually desired identities. This comes about or is made through internalizing the identities attached to someone by others through group discourse and communication, as well as through social norms, and the human desire to be social. It is al

1. How does persuasion work in online communication? How are the rhetorical strategies of persuasion deployed in online spaces? In online communication, there are four basic qualities, which are: Speed, Reach, Anonymity, and Interactivity. Speed enables communication online to be casual, Reach enables for online posts and texts to be easily accessible with a wide reach to the public, Anonymity enables people to explore and experiment with ideas, and Interactivity enables instantaneous feedback and widespread avenues for discussion. With  these four qualities in tandem, creating persuasive text through the online mediums is made possible. These four basic qualities also allow for Ethos, Pathos, and Logos to be deployed in online spaces. These 3 rhetorical strategies are deployed through text posts, websites, forums, and the like. 2. How do computer programs function as persuasive technology? Computer programs serve as persuasive technology by being a tool, a medi

1.) Of these strategies, which have you encountered during political campaigns? The first persuasive strategy mentioned is “how speakers may present their own rhetorical projects as exercises in political consensus” or Taking and Avoiding Sides. This is when a communicator decides to simply side with one group against another to address the problem of audience diversity. One example is when politicians present themselves and speaks as “just an ordinary citizen, with views just like the common folk” rather than a member of the political circle. The second is “appealing explicitly to broadly defined ingroups” or Explicit Appeals to Common Ingroup Membership. Communicators try to appeal to diverse audiences by looking for ways to find common ground between them – a single overarching characteristic for an entire group. The diverse audience must be regrouped into a single category, the leader/communicator’s proposition must meet the needs of this category, and the leader/c

                                               1.) What is Bitzer’s definition of a rhetorical situation? Although the concept of the rhetorical situation has been examined throughout history, one of the first modern scholars to explore the fundamentals of the rhetorical situation was Lloyd Bitzer. In his thought provoking article, “The Rhetorical Situation”) Philosophy and Rhetoric, 1968) he wrote “Rhetorical discourse comes into existence as a response to a situation in the same sense that an answer comes into existence in response to a question, or a solution in response to a problem.”  In stating that rhetorical discourse happens as a follow up to a rhetorical situation, he clearly identifies three elements that define every rhetorical situation. Those elements are defined below. As Bitzer found, the three elements that comprise a rhetorical situation are exigence, audience and constraint. ·          Exigence is defined as some sort of hurdle or

    "THE USE OF THE TRADITIONAL/MODERNIZED MEDIA AND MY EXPERIENCES OF IT"      As we have been immersed in this modernized world, lots of things regarding communication have been emerged. There are four types of media that 21 st Century learners have been used until now. In my experience, I am only using the three types of media such as the print media (newspapers, magazines), broadcast media (radio, television) and the internet. Why am I used to read newspapers and magazines? Why am I used to listen radio and watch television? Well, it’s just because my parents told me about these kind of useful things in life even though we are so much modernized today but still they keep on telling me that reading newspaper is so much fun that I could know about the happenings of today, looking and scanning on magazines could have helped me for such some trivial things were there. As a 21 st Century learner, I only used the internet for fun and at the same time for learnings.